Category: Automation Testing

What is POM?
Page factory model is a design pattern to organize test cases and web elements locators separately
All element locators are stored in a class file separately from test cases

What is page class?
It contains element locators
it contains methods related to that page functionality

What is Test case class?
It contains the actual test cases.
It calls the methods from its respective page classes.

What is page factory?
Page factory is a in built class in selenium for maintaining object repository.
iniElement() is used to look up elements in page class and to initialize.
It allows storing elements in cache memory using cachelookup.

POM with out Page factory uses BY, whereas POM with page factory uses FindBy to locate elements.

CacheLookup, is useful to speed up the execution process.
It stores the locators from cache memory and directly use to find the elements. It does not search the locators in DOM during run time.
It should only be used if locators are static and do not change else it will throw stale element error.

Environment setup:
POM.XML
– WebDriver Manager
– TestNG
– Selenium webdriver

<dependencies>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
			<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
			<version>3.141.59</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
			<artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
			<version>3.6.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
			<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
			<version>6.14.3</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

Step1: Create Page class
Ex: Home_page.java

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;

public class Home_page {
	
	WebDriver driver;
	public Home_page(WebDriver Ldriver) {
		this.driver=Ldriver;
	}
	
	@FindBy(how = How.CSS, using = "#navbar > div.navbar-nav.mr-auto > a:nth-child(2)")
	public WebElement address_menu;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.XPATH, using = "//a[text()='New Address']")
	public WebElement NewAdd_link;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "address[first_name]")
	public WebElement firstName;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "address[last_name]")
	public WebElement lastName;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "address[address1]")
	public WebElement address1;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "address[city]")
	public WebElement city;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "address[zip_code]")
	public WebElement zip;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "address_state")
	public WebElement stateList;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "address_country_canada")
	public WebElement country_canada;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "address_birthday")
	public WebElement birthday;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "address_picture")
	public WebElement picture;
	
	@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "commit")
	public WebElement createAddress;
	
}

2- Create Test class
Ex: TestHomePage.java

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class Assignment {

	private static WebDriver driver;

	@BeforeClass
	public static void setupClass() {
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
		driver = new ChromeDriver();
	}

	@Test
	public void TC01() {
		String appURL = "http://a.testaddressbook.com/sign_up";

		// Navigating to the Application URL
		driver.get(appURL);
		driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
		SignUp_page signupPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, SignUp_page.class);

		signupPage.email_txt.sendKeys("Your_Name@abc.com");
		signupPage.password_txt.sendKeys("admin");
	}

	@Test
	public void TC02() {
		String appURL = "http://a.testaddressbook.com/sign_in";

		// Navigating to the Application URL
		driver.get(appURL);
		driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
		SignIn_page signinPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, SignIn_page.class);
//		Home_page homePage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, Home_page.class);
		Home_page homePage = new Home_page(driver);
		PageFactory.initElements(driver, Home_page.class);

		signinPage.email_txt.sendKeys("test@xyz.com");
		signinPage.password_txt.sendKeys("test");
		signinPage.signIn_btn.click();

		homePage.address_menu.click();
		homePage.NewAdd_link.click();
		String firstname = "Test Name1";
		homePage.firstName.sendKeys(firstname);
		homePage.lastName.sendKeys("Test Name");
		homePage.address1.sendKeys("add1");
		homePage.city.sendKeys("City");
		homePage.zip.sendKeys("45454");
		Select dropdown = new Select(homePage.stateList);
		dropdown.selectByVisibleText("Idaho");
		homePage.country_canada.click();
		homePage.birthday.sendKeys("30-04-1987");
		homePage.picture.sendKeys("C:\Users\Wildwolf\eclipse-workspace\POM_PageFactory\Files\Test.txt");
		homePage.createAddress.click();

		homePage.address_menu.click();
		driver.findElement(By.xpath("//tbody/tr[contains(.,'" + firstname + "')]/td/a[text()='Destroy']")).click();
		Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
		alert.accept();

	}

	// @AfterClass
	public void teardown() {
		if (driver != null) {
			driver.quit();
		}
	}
}

3- Create a generic class for browser driver
This will take browser name , URL and return the driver

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class BrowserFactory {

	/**
	 * This class is to initialize and setup browser before execution
	 */
	
	static WebDriver driver;
	
	public static WebDriver startBrowser(String browser,String appURL) {
		
		if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {
			driver=new ChromeDriver();
			
		}
		else if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {
			driver=new FirefoxDriver();
		}
		else {
			System.out.println("Invalid browser name!");
		}
		
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
		driver.get(appURL);
		
		return driver;
	}
}

WebDriverManager allows to automate the management of the binary drivers (e.g. chromedriver, geckodriver, etc.) required by Selenium WebDriver.

If you use Selenium WebDriver, you will know that in order to use some browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Opera, PhantomJS, Microsoft Edge, or Internet Explorer, first you need to download a binary file which allows WebDriver to handle browsers. In Java, the path to this binary must be set as JVM properties, as follows:

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/path/to/binary/chromedriver");
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "/path/to/binary/geckodriver");
System.setProperty("webdriver.opera.driver", "/path/to/binary/operadriver");
System.setProperty("phantomjs.binary.path", "/path/to/binary/phantomjs");
System.setProperty("webdriver.edge.driver", "C:/path/to/binary/msedgedriver.exe");
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:/path/to/binary/IEDriverServer.exe");

This is quite annoying since it forces you to link directly this binary file into your source code. In addition, you have to check manually when new versions of the binaries are released. WebDriverManager comes to the rescue, performing in an automated way all this dirty job for you. WebDriverManager can be used in 3 different ways:

This is quite annoying since it forces you to link directly this binary file into your source code. In addition, you have to check manually when new versions of the binaries are released. WebDriverManager comes to the rescue, performing in an automated way all this dirty job for you. WebDriverManager can be used in 3 different ways:

WebDriverManager as Java dependency

In order to use WebDriverManager from tests in a Maven project, you need to add the following dependency in your pom.xml (Java 8 or upper required):

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
    <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
    <version>3.6.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

Example:

public class ChromeTest {
private WebDriver driver;

@BeforeClass
public static void setupClass() {
    WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
}

@Before
public void setupTest() {
    driver = new ChromeDriver();
}

@After
public void teardown() {
    if (driver != null) {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

@Test
public void test() {
    // Your test code here
}
}

Source: https://github.com/bonigarcia/webdrivermanager/

What is GIT?
Git is an open-source version control system that was started by Linus Trovalds—the same person who created Linux. Git is similar to other version control systems—Subversion, CVS, and Mercurial to name a few.

What is Github?
GitHub, a subsidiary of Microsoft, is an American web-based hosting service for version control using Git.
The social networking aspect of GitHub is probably its most powerful feature, allowing projects to grow more than just about any of the other features offered. Each user on GitHub has their own profile that acts like a resume of sorts, showing your past work and contributions to other projects via pull requests.

Git Tutorial – Operations & Commands
Some of the basic operations in Git are:

• Initialize
• Add
• Commit
• Pull
• Push

Some advanced Git operations are:

• Branching
• Merging
• Rebasing

A brief idea about how these operations work with the Git repositories. Take a look at the architecture of Git below:

Initialize
In order to do that, we use the command git init. Please refer to the below screenshot.
# git init

Git status
The git status command lists all the modified files which are ready to be added to the local repository.
# git status

Add
This command updates the index using the current content found in the working tree and then prepares the content in the staging area for the next commit.
# git add <dir> or # git add <filename> or # git add -A (to add all files)

Commit
It refers to recording snapshots of the repository at a given time. Committed snapshots will never change unless done explicitly.
# git commit -m “some message”

Set your central repository as origin using the command:
# git remote add origin <link of your central repo>

# git pull origin master
This command will copy all the files from the master branch of remote repository to your local repository.
# git pull origin <branch name>

# git push <remote repo>
Note : This remote refers to the remote repository which had been set before using the pull command.

Branching
Branches in Git are nothing but pointers to a specific commit. Git generally prefers to keep its branches as lightweight as possible.
There are basically two types of branches viz. local branches and remote tracking branches.
To create branch
# git branch <branch name>
To switch branch:
# git checkout <branch name>

Merging
Merging is the way to combine the work of different branches together. This will allow us to branch off, develop a new feature, and then combine it back in.
# git merge <destination branch name>

It is important to know that the branch name in the above command should be the branch you want to merge into the branch you are currently checking out. So, make sure that you are checked out in the destination branch.

Rebasing
This is also a way of combining the work between different branches. Rebasing takes a set of commits, copies them and stores them outside your repository.

The advantage of rebasing is that it can be used to make linear sequence of commits. The commit log or history of the repository stays clean if rebasing is done.
# git rebase master

Few other commands:
To view commit logs
# git log

To configure profile:
# git config –global user.email “avishekbehera87@gmail.com”
# git config –global user.name”avishek behera”

Sources:
https://www.howtogeek.com/180167/htg-explains-what-is-github-and-what-do-geeks-use-it-for/
https://www.edureka.co/blog/git-tutorial/